Workplace health promotion programs among health workers: a systematic literature review

Objective: To identify the effect of workplace health promotion activities (WHPA) on the health status of health personnel. Methodology: A systematic literature review was performed. Six computerized databases were used to search for studies on the effect of at least one health promotion activity on the health status of health personnel. Studies were included if they were published in peer-reviewed and indexed journals and were written either in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Information such as study population, sample size, type of study, outcome, and health promotion activities performed were extracted from each publication. All the included articles were measured in terms of their methodological quality, including the risk of bias. Results: Lower scores on perceived stress, emotional exhaustion, and mood symptoms were reported. An improvement in sleep hours and quality and a reduction in dietary sodium intake were informed. Improvements in participants' dietary habits, weight loss, and body fat percentage, along with increased physical activity and a reduction in pain levels were reported. A reduction in the prevalence of cigarette smoking was found. Conclusions: WHPAs can enhance physical and mental health, and overall well-being, and encouraging healthier behaviors among health personnel. Most of the studies targeting mental health focused their efforts primarily on reducing healthcare workers' perceived stress. WHPAs that addressed both diet and physical activity behaviors were more effective at improving weight outcomes than those that used only one approximation. Overall, this study offers valuable information on the impact of worksite-based health promotion interventions, including the effect of different strategies applied.

Objetivo: Identificar el efecto de las actividades de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo (APST) sobre el estado de salud del personal sanitario. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Se utilizaron seis bases de datos computarizadas para buscar estudios sobre el efecto de al menos una actividad de promoción de la salud en el estado de salud del personal sanitario. Se incluyeron los estudios publicados en revistas revisadas por pares e indexadas y escritos en inglés, español o portugués. De cada publicación se extrajo información como la población del estudio, el tamaño de la muestra, el tipo de estudio, el resultado y las actividades de promoción de la salud realizadas. Se analizaron todos los artículos incluidos en términos de su calidad metodológica, teniendo en cuenta el riesgo de sesgo. Resultados: Se registraron puntuaciones menos elevadas en el estrés percibido, agotamiento emocional y alteración del estado de ánimo. Se informó de una mejoría en las horas y la calidad del sueño, y de una reducción de la ingesta de sodio en la dieta. Se registraron mejorías en los hábitos alimentarios de los participantes, pérdida de peso y porcentaje de grasa corporal, así como un aumento de la actividad física y una reducción de los niveles de dolor. Se observó una reducción de la prevalencia del tabaquismo. Conclusiones: Las AMPS pueden mejorar la salud física y mental, así como el bienestar general, y fomentar comportamientos más saludables entre el personal sanitario. La mayoría de los estudios dirigidos a la salud mental centraron sus esfuerzos principalmente en reducir el estrés percibido por el personal sanitario. Las AMPS que abordaron tanto los comportamientos relacionados con la alimentación como con la actividad física fueron más eficaces a la hora de mejorar los resultados en cuanto al peso que las que sólo utilizaron una aproximación. En general, este estudio ofrece información valiosa sobre el impacto de las intervenciones de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo, así como el efecto de las distintas estrategias aplicadas

Objetivo: Identificar o efeito das atividades de promoção da saúde no local de trabalho (APST) sobre o estado de saúde do pessoal sanitário. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Utilizaram-se seis bases de dados computadorizadas para procurar estudos sobre o efeito de pelo menos uma atividade de promoção da saúde no estado da saúde do pessoal sanitário. Incluíram-se os estudos publicados em revistas revisadas por pares e indexadas e escritos em inglês, espanhol ou português. De cada publicação coletou-se informação como a população do estudo, o tamanho da amostra, o tipo de estudo, o resultado e as atividades de promoção da saúde realizadas. Analisaram-se todos os artigos incluídos em termos de sua qualidade metodológica, levando em consideração o risco de viés. Resultados: Registraram-se números menos elevados no estresse percebido, esgotamento emocional e alteração do estado de ânimo. Foi informada uma melhora nas horas e na qualidade do sono, e uma redução da ingesta de sódio na dieta. Registraram-se melhoras nos mejorías en los hábitos alimentarios de los participantes, pérdida de peso y porcentaje de grasa corporal, así como un aumento de la actividad física y una reducción de los niveles de dolor. Se observó una reducción de la prevalencia del tabaquismo. Conclusiones: Las APST pueden mejorar la salud física y mental, así como el bienestar general, y fomentar comportamientos más saludables entre el personal sanitario. La mayoría de los estudios dirigidos a la salud mental centraron sus esfuerzos principalmente en reducir el estrés percibido por el personal sanitario. Las APST que abordaron tanto los comportamientos relacionados con la alimentación como con la actividad física fueron más eficaces a la hora de mejorar los resultados en cuanto al peso que las que sólo utilizaron una aproximación. En general, este estudio ofrece información valiosa sobre el impacto de las intervenciones de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo, así como el efecto de las distintas estrategias aplicadas.

Impact of a Three-Week Workplace Vocal Health Promotion Program on a Teacher and Students' Voice Parameters

Objective: To determine the effect on voice parameters in pupils and their teacher of a three-week Workplace Vocal Health Promotion Program (WVHPP) in a school setting. Methods: Longitudinal study with a design phase and a pilot phase. Voice recordings of connected speech were used to collect information on voice functioning before and after the implementation of the program. The workplace vocal health promotion program was implemented with two purposes: (1) to reduce noisy conditions inside the classrooms that may cause loud voice production, which has been found associated with voice disorders among teachers and students and (2) to increase awareness about the relationship between noise and voice inside the classrooms. Results: The WVHPP was found to be statistically associated with a decrease in the fundamental frequency, standard deviation of the fundamental frequency, sound pressure levels, and SPL standard deviation among both pupils and their teacher. However, there was no statistically significant effect on cepstral peak prominence smoothed. Conclusion: The three-week WVHPP was found to have a significant impact on several acoustic parameters, such as the fundamental frequency and sound pressure levels. These findings highlight the potential of the WVHPP as an effective intervention for improving the vocal health of both teachers and students. However, the lack of a significant effect on cepstral peak prominence smoothed suggests that further research is needed to fully understand the impact of the WVHPP on voice quality.

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto en los parámetros de voz de los alumnos y su profesora de un Programa de tres semanas de Promoción de la Salud Vocal en el lugar de trabajo en un entorno escolar. Métodos: Estudio longitudinal con una fase de diseño y una fase piloto. Se utilizaron grabaciones de voz de habla conectada para recopilar información sobre el funcionamiento de la voz antes y después de la implementación del programa. El programa de promoción de la salud vocal en el lugar de trabajo se implementó con dos propósitos: (1) Reducir las condiciones ruidosas dentro de las aulas que pueden causar una producción de voz a alta intensidad, lo que se ha encontrado asociado con trastornos de la voz entre profesores y estudiantes; y (2) Aumentar la conciencia sobre la relación entre el ruido y la voz dentro de las aulas. Resultados: Se encontró que el Programa de Promoción de la Salud Vocal en el lugar de trabajo estaba estadísticamente asociado con una disminución de la frecuencia fundamental, la desviación estándar de la frecuencia fundamental, los niveles de presión sonora y la desviación estándar de la presión sonora, tanto en los alumnos como en su profesor. Sin embargo, no hubo un efecto estadísticamente significativo en la prominencia del pico cepstral suavizado. Conclusión: Se encontró que el programa de tres semanas tenía un impacto significativo en varios parámetros acústicos, como la frecuencia fundamental y los niveles de presión sonora. Estos hallazgos destacan el potencial del programa como una intervención eficaz para mejorar la salud vocal tanto de profesores como de estudiantes. Sin embargo, la falta de un efecto significativo en la prominencia del pico cepstral suavizado sugiere que se necesita más investigación para comprender completamente el impacto del programa en la calidad vocal.

Percepción de enfermeros colombianos sobre un entorno laboral saludable para la práctica asistencial en el ámbito hospitalario

Objetivo: Explorar la percepción de enfermeros profesionales colombianos sobre la definición y las principales características de un entorno laboral saludable (ELS) para la práctica asistencial de enfermería en el ámbito hospitalario. Metodología: Estudio de tipo cualitativo descriptivo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a nueve enfermeros profesionales reclutados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, transcritas literalmente y codificadas. A través de la organización y estructuración de estos códigos se logró establecer categorías y subcategorías. Resultados: Del análisis de los datos fue posible establecer una definición de entorno laboral saludable y se obtuvieron dos dimensiones (categorías) y diez características principales (subcategorías) del concepto. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos de este estudio permiten tener una mejor comprensión acerca de la percepción de los enfermeros colombianos sobre la definición y características esenciales de un ELS para la práctica de enfermería en el ámbito hospitalario. Estos hallazgos aportan al desarrollo de herramientas de medición de los ELS que se ajusten a las condiciones y a la realidad del ejercicio profesional en el ámbito hospitalario colombiano.

Objective: To explore the perception of Colombian professional nurses about the definition and the main characteristics of a healthy work environment (HWE) for nursing care practice in the hospital setting. Methodology: Descriptive qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine professional nurses recruited through non-probabilistic sampling. The interviews were recorded, literally transcribed and coded. Through the organization and structuring of these codes, it was possible to establish categories and subcategories. Results: From the data analysis it was possible to establish a definition of healthy work environment and two dimensions (categories), and 10 main characteristics (subcategories) of the concept were obtained. Conclusions: The findings of this study allow a better understanding of the perception of Colombian nurses about the definition and essential characteristics of an HWE for nursing practice in the hospital setting. These findings contribute to the development of HWE measurement tools that are adjusted to the conditions and reality of professional practice in the Colombian hospital setting.

Asociación entre comportamientos ofensivos y riesgo de burnout y depresión en trabajadores de la salud / Association between offensive behaviors and burnout and depression risks in health workers / Associação entre comportamentos ofensivos e risco de burnout e de depressão em trabalhadores de saúde

Objetivo: evaluar la incidencia de conductas ofensivas en el trabajo, las características y la asociación con el sexo, el estrés, el burnout y la depresión en trabajadores de la salud. Método: estudio transversal, descriptivo, cuantitativo, realizado con 125 trabajadores del Sistema Único de Salud brasileño. Los datos fueron recolectados entre junio de 2021 y abril de 2022, por medio de tres cuestionarios autoadministrados que evalúan características personales y ocupacionales; comportamientos ofensivos, estrés y burnout y síntomas de depresión. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva, prueba de asociación chi-cuadrado y análisis de regresión logística Resultados: el 44% de la muestra declararon 83 conductas y las amenazas de violencia fueron las más frecuentes (26%). Técnicos/auxiliares de enfermería, enfermeros y médicos fueron los profesionales más expuestos. El principal agresor fue el paciente; excepto en el caso del bullying, que fue perpetrado por los compañeros de trabajo (48%). Hubo asociación entre conductas ofensivas y burnout (OR: 4,73; IC 95%: 1,29-17,3; p=0,02) y entre conductas ofensivas y síntomas de depresión (OR: 1,05; IC 95%: 1,01-1,10; p=0,02). Conclusión: la práctica de conductas ofensivas en el trabajo en salud es frecuente y característica; el burnout y los síntomas de depresión aumentaron, respectivamente, 4,73 y 1,05 veces las posibilidades de que el trabajador sufriera esas conductas ofensivas en el ambiente de trabajo.

Objective: to evaluate the occurrence of offensive behaviors at work, their characteristics and association with sex, stress, burnout and depression in health workers. Method: a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study carried out with 125 workers from the Brazilian Unified Health System. The data were collected from June 2021 to April 2022 through three self-applied questionnaires that assess personal and occupational characteristics; offensive behaviors, stress and burnout; and depressive symptoms. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square association test and logistic regression analysis were applied. Results: 44% of the sample reported 83 behaviors, with threats of violence as the most frequent ones (26%). Nursing technicians/assistants, nurses and physicians were the most exposed professionals. The main aggressors were the patients, except for bullying, which was perpetrated by co-workers (48%). There was an association between offensive behaviors and burnout (OR: 4.73; 95% CI: 1.29-17.3; p=0.02) and between offensive behaviors and depression symptoms (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.10; p=0.02). Conclusion: the occurrence of offensive behaviors in health work is frequent and characteristic and burnout and depressive symptoms respectively increased 4.73 and 1.05 times the chances of workers suffering these offensive behaviors in the work environment.

Objetivo: avaliar a ocorrência de comportamentos ofensivos no trabalho, suas características e associação com o sexo, estresse, burnout e depressão em trabalhadores de saúde. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo, de natureza quantitativa, realizado com 125 trabalhadores do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho de 2021 a abril de 2022, por meio de três questionários autoaplicáveis que avaliam as características pessoais e ocupacionais; comportamentos ofensivos, estresse e burnout e sintomas depressivos. Estatística descritiva, teste de associação Qui-Quadrado e análise de regressão logística foram aplicados. Resultados: 44% da amostra referiram 83 comportamentos, sendo as ameaças de violência mais frequentes (26%). Técnicos/auxiliares de enfermagem, enfermeiros e médicos foram os profissionais mais expostos. O principal agressor foi o paciente, exceto quanto ao bullying, perpetrado por colegas de trabalho (48%). Houve associação entre comportamentos ofensivos e burnout (OR: 4,73; IC 95%: 1,29-17,3; p=0,02) e entre comportamentos ofensivos e sintomas de depressão (OR: 1,05; IC 95%: 1,01-1,10; p=0,02). Conclusão: a ocorrência de comportamentos ofensivos no trabalho em saúde é frequente e característica; o burnout e os sintomas depressivos aumentaram, respectivamente, 4,73 e 1,05 vezes as chances de o trabalhador sofrer estes comportamentos ofensivos no ambiente de trabalho.

Estratégias para promoção do clima ético positivo sob a perspectiva de enfermeiros hospitalares / Strategies to promote a positive ethical climate from the perspective of hospital nurses / Estrategias para promover un clima ético positivo desde la perspectiva de los enfermeros hospitalarios

Objetivo: analisar as estratégias de promoção do clima ético positivo sob a perspectiva de enfermeiros hospitalares. Método: estudo qualitativo e descritivo exploratório, realizado com 182 enfermeiros de um hospital universitário do sul do Brasil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico, laboral e uma pergunta aberta sobre estratégias de promoção do clima ético positivo. A organização dos dados ocorreu no software Atlas TI 8.0, versão 2019, e aplicou-se análise temática dos dados. Recebeu aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição envolvida. Resultados: a macro categoria "Organização do trabalho" elencou itens sobre as relações na equipe, gestão, educação permanente e condições de trabalho. A macro categoria "Dimensão ética do trabalho" se referiu a exigências, valores pessoais e profissionais, expressão e sensibilidade moral. Conclusão: as estratégias de melhores condições de trabalho e organização, bem como o tratamento das questões éticas e relações interpessoais promovem o clima ético positivo.

Objective: to analyze strategies for promoting a positive ethical climate from the perspective of hospital nurses. Method: qualitative and descriptive exploratory study, carried out with 182 nurses from a university hospital in southern Brazil. Data collection occurred through a sociodemographic and employment questionnaire and an open question about strategies for promoting a positive ethical climate. The data was organized using the Atlas TI 8.0 software, version 2019, and thematic analysis of the data was applied. It received approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the institution involved. Results: the macro category "Work organization" listed items on team relationships, management, continuing education and working conditions. The macro category "Ethical dimension of work" referred to demands, personal and professional values, expression and moral sensitivity. Conclusion: strategies for better working conditions and organization, as well as the treatment of ethical issues and interpersonal relationships promote a positive ethical climate.

Objetivo: analizar las estrategias para promover un clima ético positivo desde la perspectiva de los enfermeros hospitalarios. Método: estudio cualitativo y descriptivo exploratorio, realizado junto a 182 enfermeros de un hospital universitario del sur de Brasil. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico y laboral y una pregunta abierta sobre estrategias para promover un clima ético positivo. Los datos se organizaron por medio del software Atlas TI 8.0, versión 2019, y se aplicó análisis temático de los datos. Recibió la aprobación del Comité de Ética en Investigación de la institución involucrada. Resultados: la macro categoría "Organización del trabajo" enumeró ítems sobre las relaciones en el equipo, la gestión, la educación continua y las condiciones de trabajo. La macro categoría "Dimensión ética del trabajo" hacía referencia a exigencias, valores personales y profesionales, expresión y sensibilidad moral. Conclusión: las estrategias para mejores condiciones de trabajo y organización, así como el tratamiento de las cuestiones éticas y las relaciones interpersonales promueven un clima ético positivo.

Promoção de saúde ocupacional: capacidade para o trabalho de cirurgiões dentistas / Occupational health promotion: dental surgeons' work capacity

Este estudo teve o objetivo de analisar os fatores associados à capacidade para o trabalho de cirurgiões-dentistas atuantes na cidade de Cuiabá (MT). Pesquisa quantitativa e transversal realizada em agosto de 2020 com 64 cirurgiões-dentistas. A avaliação da capacidade de trabalho foi realizada por meio do Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT), validado em português do Brasil. A análise de dados foi realizada pelos testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov e qui-quadrado ou o teste exato de Fisher (p < 0,05). A pontuação média geral do ICT foi de 36,89 pontos. Entre as características avaliadas, apenas o último nível de ensino concluído e o tempo de trabalho no local atual apresentaram associação significativa com a classificação do ICT (p < 0,001 e de p = 0,007). Os cirurgiões-dentistas que atuam em Cuiabá (MT) apresentaram satisfatório ICT, sendo que foi encontrada associação entre o melhor ICT e o maior nível de escolaridade e maior tempo de atuação no trabalho atual

This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the work ability of dentists working in the city of Cuiabá (MT). Quantitative and cross-sectional research carried out in August 2020 with 64 dentists. The assessment of work ability was performed using the Work Ability Index (WAI), validated in Brazilian Portuguese. Data analysis was performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and chi-square tests or Fisher's exact test (p < 0.05). The overall average ICT score was 36.89 points. Among the evaluated characteristics, only the last level of education completed and the time working in the current location showed a significant association with the WAI classification (p < 0.001 and p= 0.007). Dental surgeons who work in Cuiabá (MT) had a satisfactory ICT, and an association was found between the best ICT and the highest level of education and longer time working in the current job.

Mean rate of progression of visual fields in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension attending a tertiary care center in South India – A prospective cohort study using FORUM® Glaucoma Workplace software

Purpose: To find out the mean rate of progression (MROP) of visual fields (VF) in patients with primary open?angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) using FORUM® Glaucoma Workplace. Methods: Two hundred and one eyes of 105 patients were included in this prospective cohort study. Patients with POAG and OHT were recruited, and VF analysis with 24?2 and or 10?2 was done using SITA standard strategy in Zeiss Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (HFA). All the previous VFs were identified from FORUM software, and the baseline indices were recorded from the first reliable VF analysis. The present VF analysis was compared to the previous one using FORUM software, and the rate of progression (ROP) in VF was obtained by Guided Progression Analysis. Results: MROP of VF in the POAG group was ? 0.085 dB/ year, ranging from ?2.8 to 2.8 dB/year with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.69. In the OHT group, the MROP of VF was ?0.003 dB/year, ranging from ? 0.8 to 0.5 dB/year with an SD of 0.27. The MROP of VF in medically treated eyes with POAG was ?0.14 dB/year with an SD of 0.61 and in surgically treated eyes was ?0.02 dB/year with an SD of 0.78. The overall baseline mean VF index (VFI) was 83.19% and the final mean VFI was 79.80%. There was a statistically significant decrease in the mean VFI value from baseline to the final visit (P?value 0.0005). Conclusion: The mean ROP of VF in the POAG group was ?0.085 dB/year and in the OHT group was ? 0.003 dB/year

Diagramas complejos de salud en el trabajo: metodología para el estudio sistémico de los procesos laborales / Complex diagrams of health in the workplace: A methodology for the systemic study of work processes

El estudio de los procesos de trabajo es una tarea «compleja¼ que incluye el conocimiento exhaustivo y preciso de los riesgos y exigencia laborales ahí presentes. Dichos riesgos y exigencias son el resultado de cómo se relacionan los elementos fundamentales del proceso laboral que, al interactuar con el hombre que trabaja, pueden afectar su salud. La finalidad de estas líneas es mostrar una metodología de carácter etnográfico, para investigar los procesos de trabajo en las entidades productivas y plantear las acciones preventivas conducentes. Esta metodología está basada en la observación directa y en la experiencia obrera de los procesos laborales. Consta de tres instrumentos de recolección de información: 1) Diagramas de Flujo del Proceso de trabajo; 2) Descripción de los Diagramas de Flujo de los Procesos de Trabajo; y 3) Cuadros de Resumen de los Diagramas Complejos de Salud en el Trabajo. A partir de los datos que proporcionan los Cuadros de Resumen, se estructura un repertorio de recomendaciones para el centro laboral. En cuanto a la utilidad de esta metodología, ha sido ampliamente probada en diversos sectores económicos, como: agricultura, industrias extractivas, de la transformación y la construcción, así como de los servicios, ya sean micro, pequeñas, medianas o grandes empresas. En síntesis, es una herramienta que proporciona el conocimiento integral de los procesos de trabajo, de los riesgos y exigencias que de ahí se derivan, y suministra las medidas preventivas para eliminar o controlar los peligros que acechan a los trabajadores en sus labores(AU)

The study of work processes is a complex task that includes exhaustive and precise knowledge of the labor demands and risks in a given workplace. These risks and demands result from the relationship among the fundamental elements of the work process, whose interaction with a worker can affect his health. The purpose of this study is to show how an ethnographic methodology was used to investigate work processes in productive industry workplaces and propose appropriate preventive actions. The methodology is based on direct observation and workers' experience of work processes. It consists of three data collection instruments: 1) Work process flow charts; 2) description of the flow diagrams of the work processes; and 3) summary tables of complex diagrams of workplace health. Based on the data provided in the summary tables, a set of recommendations for the workplace was designed. This methodology has been widely tested in various economic sectors, such as agriculture; extractive, transformative, and construction industries; and services, whether in micro, small, medium, or large companies. In summary, this is a tool that provides integrated knowledge about work processes and the risks and demands inherent in them and provides preventive measures to eliminate or control dangers to workers(AU)

Blumenau, April 5, 2023: The point of view of psychiatry / Blumenau, 5 de abril de 2023: O ponto de vista da psiquiatria

ABSTRACT The goal of this editorial is to analyse a recent case of mass murder under the psychiatric perspective.

RESUMO O objetivo do presente editorial é o de analisar, sob a perspectiva da psiquiatria, um caso recente de homicídio em massa.

A Study On Workplace Ostracism, Psychological Capital And Work Engagement Among Private Sector Employees In Mumbai

The current study focuses on the relationship between workplace ostracism, psychological capital and work engagement among private sector employees in Mumbai. The data was collected from a total of 180 private sector employees (i.e., 90 males, 90 females). The tools been administered are The Workplace Ostracism Scale by Ferris et al. (2008), Psychological Capital Questionnaire- PsyCap-12 by Luthans et al. (2007), and The Utretch Work Engagement Scale- UWES-9S by Schaufeli et al. (2002). Correlational research design using quantitative approach was used. The findings of the study indicate significant relationships between the variables, with perceived workplace ostracism accounting for a significant variational impact on psychological capital and work engagement.Years of work experience also show to have a significant difference on the perception of workplace ostracism. Surprisingly, no significant gender difference was observed.

Consequências da violência contra enfermeiros no contexto do atendimento pré-hospitalar / Consequences of violence against nurses in the context of pre-hospital care / Consecuencias de la violencia contra las enfermeras en el contexto de la atención prehospitalaria

Objetivo: Identificar as consequências da violência no trabalho sofridas por enfermeiros do atendimento pré-hospitalar. Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado com 67 enfermeiros de um serviço de atendimento pré-hospitalar do município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os dados foram analisados com a utilização da Janela de Johari. Resultados: Destacaram-se como consequências da violência no trabalho queixas de medo, estresse, ansiedade, insônia, irritabilidade, desmotivação laboral, taquicardia, dor de cabeça, tristeza, desânimo, hipertensão arterial, precordialgia, ganho de peso, necessidade de assistência psicológica e psiquiátrica com a prescrição de medicalização. Conclusão: A violência no trabalho do atendimento pré-hospitalar provoca consequências que envolvem as dimensões físicas e emocionais. Faz-se necessária a discussão e reflexão no plano institucional, com a participação dos profissionais, sobre as características do ambiente de trabalho, riscos, exposições, doenças relacionadas ao trabalho, nexo causal e as consequências da violência no trabalho. (AU)

Objective: Identify the consequences of violence at work suffered by nurses in pre-hospital care. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted with 67 nurses from a pre-hospital care service in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The data were analyzed using the Johari's Window. Results: Complaints of fear, stress, anxiety, insomnia irritability, work demotivation, tachycardia, headache, sadness, discouragement, hypertension, precordialgia, weight gain, need for psychological and psychiatric care with the prescription of medicalization were highlighted as consequences of violence at work. Conclusion: Violence at work in pre-hospital care causes consequences that involve the physical and emotional dimensions. It is necessary to discuss and reflect at the institutional level, with the participation of professionals, on the characteristics of the work environment, risks, exposures, work-related diseases, causal link and the consequences of violence at work. (AU)

Objetivo: Identificar las consecuencias de la violencia en el trabajo que sufren los enfermeros en la atención prehospitalaria. Métodos: Estudio transversal y descriptivo realizado con 67 enfermeros de un servicio de atención prehospitalaria en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Los datos fueron analizados usando la Ventana Johari. Resultados: Las quejas por miedo, estrés, ansiedad, insomnio, irritabilidad, desmotivación del trabajo, taquicardia, dolor de cabeza, tristeza, desánimo, hipertensión, precordialgia, aumento de peso, necesidad de atención psicológica y psiquiátrica con prescripción de medicalización se destacaron como consecuencias de la violencia en el trabajo. Conclusión: La violencia en el trabajo en la atención prehospitalaria causa consecuencias que involucran las dimensiones física y emocional. Es necesario discutir y reflexionar a nivel institucional, con la participación de los profesionales, sobre las características del entorno de trabajo, riesgos, exposiciones, enfermedades relacionadas con el trabajo, relación causal y consecuencias de la violencia en el trabajo. (AU)

Salário emocional como ferramenta de gestão: importância atribuída por profissionais de enfermagem / Emotional salary as a management tool: importance attributed by nursing professionals / El salario emocional como herramienta de gestión: importancia atribuida por los profesionales de enfermería

RESUMO: Objetivo: identificar a importância atribuída por profissionais de enfermagem aos componentes propostos do salário emocional; e verificar a associação com variáveis sociodemográficos e laborais dos participantes. Método: estudo exploratório com 172 profissionais de um hospital oncológico do estado de São Paulo - Brasil, realizado em 2021. Construiu-se e validou-se um questionário contendo 40 componentes do salário emocional. Para a análise, utilizaram-se medidas de tendência central e testes não paramétricos. Resultados: enfermeiros destacaram a oportunidade de progressão na carreira e sentir-se respeitado - 3,8 (0,4); e os técnicos/auxiliares, sentir-se respeitado pelos colegas, atuação colaborativa e importância social do trabalho - todos com 3,7(0,5). Houve associação dos escores da escala com escolaridade (p ≤0,05). Conclusão: a maioria dos componentes do salário emocional é valorizada, principalmente aqueles relacionados às relações profissionais e condições de trabalho. Os achados podem direcionar políticas de pessoal nas organizações, favorecendo a satisfação laboral, a qualidade assistencial e os resultados organizacionais.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the importance attributed by nursing professionals to the proposed components of emotional salary, and to verify the association with the participants' sociodemographic and work-related variables. Method: exploratory study with 172 professionals from an oncology hospital in the state of São Paulo - Brazil, carried out in 2021. A questionnaire containing 40 components of emotional salary was constructed and validated. Measures of central tendency and non-parametric tests were used for the analysis. Results: nurses highlighted the opportunity for career progression and feeling respected - 3.8 (0.4); and technicians/auxiliaries, feeling respected by colleagues, collaborative action, and the social importance of work - all with 3.7 (0.5). There was an association between the scale scores and schooling (p ≤0.05). Conclusion: Most of the components of emotional salary are valued, especially those related to professional relationships and working conditions. The findings can guide personnel policies in organizations, favoring job satisfaction, quality of care and organizational results.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la importancia atribuida por los profesionales de enfermería a los componentes propuestos del salario emocional; y verificar la asociación con variables sociodemográficas y laborales de los participantes. Método: estudio exploratorio con 172 profesionales de un hospital oncológico del estado de São Paulo - Brasil, realizado en 2021. Se construyó y validó un cuestionario con 40 componentes del salario emocional. Se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central y pruebas no paramétricas para analizar el cuestionario. Resultados: los enfermeros destacaron la oportunidad de progresar profesionalmente y sentirse respetados - 3,8 (0,4); y los técnicos/auxiliares, sentirse respetados por sus colegas, la acción colaborativa y la importancia social de su trabajo - todos con 3,7 (0,5). Hubo una asociación entre las puntuaciones de la escala y la escolaridad (p ≤0,05). Conclusión: la mayoría de los componentes del salario emocional son valorados, especialmente los relacionados con las relaciones profesionales y las condiciones de trabajo. Los hallazgos pueden orientar las políticas de personal en las organizaciones, favoreciendo la satisfacción laboral, la calidad asistencial y los resultados organizativos.

Risco de suicídio no trabalho: revisão integrativa sobre fatores psicossociais / Work and suicide risk: Integrative review

RESUMO O suicídio é subestimado e estigmatizado na sociedade e, quando relacionado ao trabalho, é ainda mais invisível. Este estudo procurou analisar a literatura científica sobre o risco de suicídio ou tentativa de suicídio entre trabalhadores e sua relação com fatores psicossociais e assédio no local de trabalho. Utilizou-se sete bases eletrônicas de dados e os descritores, em inglês: ["Work" OR "Workplace"] AND ["Occupational Stress" OR "Workplace Violence" OR "Harassment, Non-Sexual" OR "Sexual Harassment"] AND ["Suicide" OR "Suicide, Attempted"]. Estudos sobre "ideação suicida" e ocupações fora do contexto de trabalho foram excluídos da revisão. Seguindo as diretrizes do PRISMA, foram identificadas 1427 referências e 15 artigos foram selecionados. Apresentaram associação significativa com o risco de suicídio e/ou tentativa de suicídio: assédio no trabalho, elevadas demandas de trabalho, baixa autonomia, baixo apoio social, conflitos trabalho-família, receio de perder o emprego e insatisfação com o trabalho. Estresse grave no trabalho também apresentou associação com risco de suicídio, quando combinado ao estresse doméstico grave. Este estudo evidenciou que o medo de perder o emprego, assédio e fatores psicossociais no trabalho aumentam o risco de suicídio e tentativa de suicídio dos trabalhadores. Tais condições devem ser alvo de atenção no cuidado de trabalhadores.

ABSTRACT Suicide is underestimated and stigmatized in society and work-related suicide is even more invisible. This study aimed to analyze the scientific literature on the risk of suicide or attempted suicide among workers and its relationship with psychosocial factors, harassment and harassment in the workplace. An integrative literature review was carried out in seven databases, using the following descriptors: ["Work" OR "Workplace"] AND ["Occupational Stress" OR "Workplace Violence" OR "Harassment, Non-Sexual" OR "Sexual Harassment"] AND ["Suicide" OR "Suicide, Attempted"]. Studies focused on "suicidal ideation" and specifically related to certain occupations were excluded. According to PRISMA guidelines, 1427 references were identified and 15 articles were selected. There was a significant association between the risk of suicide and/or suicide attempt with harassment at work, high psychological and cognitive demands, low control/autonomy, fear of losing the job/be downgraded, work-family conflicts, poor social support, and job dissatisfaction. Severe work-related stress was also associated with the risk of suicide, when combined with severe domestic stress. This study showed that fear of losing a job, harassment and psychosocial factors at work increase the risk of suicide and attempted suicide. Such conditions should be focus of the attention on workers'care.

Prevalência e fatores associados à violência no trabalho contra residentes multiprofissionais durante a pandemia / Prevalence and factors associated with workplace violence against Brazilian multiprofessional residents during the pandemic

RESUMO Estudo transversal cujo objetivo foi identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à violência no trabalho (física e/ou verbal) contra residentes multiprofissionais que atuam em um hospital universitário durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Foi desenvolvido um censo, em julho de 2020, com 67 residentes. Dados foram coletados por meio de questionário eletrônico, avaliando-se a violência física e verbal mediante autorrelato. Associações entre a ocorrência de violência vivida durante a pandemia e as variáveis independentes (sociodemográficas, psicoemocionais e atendimento ao paciente com Covid-19) foram analisadas mediante testes estatísticos e Regressão de Poisson (RP) com variância robusta. A prevalência de violência foi de 22,4%. Diferenças entre grupos foram observadas ao comparar as ocupações e o grau de satisfação com a residência, com maior proporção de fisioterapeutas e assistentes sociais, assim como de residentes insatisfeitos entre os que relataram violência (p≤0,005). Após análise de regressão, a violência esteve associada ao aumento da idade (RP=1,25; IC95% 1,12-1,40) e a níveis de ansiedade moderados/graves (RP =2,87; IC 95% 1,12-1,40). Os achados apontam para a necessidade de implementação de medidas institucionais de prevenção e controle da violência no trabalho, considerando os fatores associados durante a pandemia.

ABSTRACT Cross-sectional study which objective was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with workplace violence (physical and/or verbal) against multiprofessional residents working at a Brazilian university hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. A census was developed in July 2020 with 67 residents. Data were collected through an electronic questionnaire, evaluating physical and verbal violence through self-report. Associations between the occurrence of violence experienced during the pandemic and independent variables (sociodemographic, psycho-emotional, and patient care with COVID-19) were analyzed using statistical tests and Poisson Regression (PR) with robust variance. Differences between groups were observed when comparing occupations and the degree of satisfaction with the residence, with a higher proportion of physical therapists and social workers, as well as dissatisfied residents among those who reported violence (p≤0.005). After regression analysis, violence was associated with increase in age (PR=1.25; 95%CI 1.12-1.40) and moderate/severe anxiety levels (RP=2.87; 95%CI 1.12-1.40). The findings point to the need to implement institutional measures for the prevention and control of workplace violence considering the factors associated with it during the pandemic.

Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) e sintomas osteomusculares em Agentes Comunitários de Saúde / Quality of Work Life (QWL) and the musculoskeletal symptoms in Community Health Workers

INTRODUÇÃO: O Agente Comunitário em Saúde, em seu ambiente de trabalho, lida com vários desafios, tais como: as inúmeras tarefas, a exigência de produtividade, a falta de recursos, os conflitos interpessoais e as condições salariais inadequadas, implicando assim em sobrecarga física e mental, aspectos que podem repercutir na qualidade de vida e no aparecimento de distúrbios osteomusculares. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) e a presença dos sintomas osteomusculares dos Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS). MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostragem por conveniência, cujos participantes foram os ACS atuantes nas Unidades de Saúde da Família do Segundo Distrito Sanitário de Saúde em Maceió - Alagoas. Coletou-se os dados por meio dos seguintes instrumentos: questionário sociodemográficos; questionário de avaliação da qualidade de vida no trabalho (QWLQ-bref); e o questionário de sintomas osteomusculares (QNSO). RESULTADOS: Participaram 38 ACS, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (86,8%). Obtiveram um escore médio de QVT de 59,84, o que representa uma posição de satisfação. Já na análise por domínios, o pessoal, psicológico e físico também se encontram na faixa de satisfação, exceto o domínio profissional com escore de 53,44, classificado como neutro. Em relação aos sintomas osteomusculares, o pescoço (55,3%) e a coluna lombar (47,4%) foram as regiões mais acometidas nos últimos 12 meses. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo, sinalizam a necessidade de adoção de melhorias nas condições de trabalho, tanto no sentido de repensar as questões que repercutem na QVT quanto no manejo dos problemas musculoesqueléticos.

INTRODUCTION: The Community Health Agent, in their work environment, deals with several challenges, such as the numerous tasks, the demand for productivity, the lack of resources, interpersonal conflicts and inadequate salary conditions, thus implying physical and mental overload; aspects that can affect the quality of life and the onset of musculoskeletal disorders. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the Quality of Life at Work (QWL) and the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in Community Health Agents (CHA). METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, with convenience sampling, in which the participants were the CHA servers working in the Family Health Units of the Second Health Health District in Maceió - Alagoas. Data were collected using the following instruments: a sociodemographic questionnaire; a quality of work life assessment questionnaire (QWLQ-bref); and the musculoskeletal symptoms questionnaire (QNSO). RESULTS: Thirty-eight CHAs participated, most of them female (86.8%). It was obtained an average QWL score of 59.84, which represents a satisfactory position. In the analysis by domains, the personal, psychological and physical are also in the range of satisfaction, except for the professional domain with a score of 53.44, classified as neutral. Regarding musculoskeletal symptoms, the neck (55.3%) and lumbar spine (47.4%) were the most affected regions in the last 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate the need to adopt improvements in working conditions, both in the sense of rethinking the issues that affect QWL, as well as in the management of musculoskeletal problems.

Riesgos psicosociales laborales: una propuesta de definición / A definition proposal for psychosocial risks at work

BACKGROUND: In 1984, the joint WHO/ILO committee, postulated a definition of psychosocial risks at work, responding to a need in a specific context. However, with the evolution of the working and personal conditions of workers, this definition is progressively considered to be insolvent, ambiguous, with false breadth and omissions. AIM: To analyze the concept of «psychosocial risk at work» and to establish a clear definition based on evidence from the existing literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An analysis of the concept, based on Walker and Avant's proposal was carried out. It encompasses eight steps, namely the selection of the concept, determination of the objectives or purposes of the analysis, identification of all possible uses of the concept, determination of defining attributes, identification of a model case, identification of borderline cases, identification of background and consequences and definition of empirical references. RESULTS: The defining attributes of the construct are quantity, rhythm, complexity, content, control, diversity, schedule, flexibility or meaning of the work, perceived as inappropriate by the worker. Also, preoccupation associated with domestic chores and attention to the needs of others, lack of clarity about the role in the job position, deficient personal and professional development of the worker, adverse work environment, organizational aspects that harm the worker, technological demands incompatible with the worker's capabilities and needs and finally, inadequate social relations at work. CONCLUSIONS: The construct background is grouped into elements attributed to the worker and attributed to the labor. The concept attributes were organized into eight dimensions, and the consequences were classified as the personal effects on the worker and those associated with the labor.

A violência faz parte do trabalho? / Is violence part of the job? / ¿Es la violencia parte del trabajo?

A violência contra profissionais de saúde é um problema mundial de saúde pública. Os episódios de violência têm impacto significativo no bem-estar físico e psicológico dos profissionais, com repercussão nos serviços de saúde prestados aos doentes. A avaliação dos fatores de risco para a violência e dos motivos que levam à subnotificação permite esclarecer e alertar os profissionais de saúde para a violência contra eles. O desenvolvimento e a implementação de programas contra a violência no local de trabalho constituem ainda uma das estratégias para a redução e evicção da violência. Este artigo teve como objetivo abordar a temática da violência contra os profissionais de saúde, nomeadamente os médicos de família, para discutir a prevalência dos episódios de violência, os seus diferentes tipos, principais fatores de risco, impacto na saúde física e psicológica dos profissionais de saúde, impacto na prestação de cuidados e estratégias de prevenção e gestão destes.

Violence against healthcare professionals is a global public health problem. Incidents of violence have a significant impact on the physical and psychological well-being of professionals, which in turn affects the quality of care provided to patients. The assessment of risk factors for violence and the reasons behind underreporting them helps clarify and raise awareness among healthcare professionals about violence against them. The development and implementation of programs against violence in the workplace are some of the strategies aimed at reducing and eliminating violence. This article aimed to address the issue of violence against healthcare professionals, particularly Family Physicians, by discussing the prevalence of violent episodes, different types of violence, main risk factors, impact on the physical and psychological health of healthcare professionals, impact on care provision, and strategies for prevention and management.

La violencia contra los profesionales de la salud es un problema mundial de salud pública. Los episodios de violencia tienen un impacto significativo en el bienestar físico y psicológico de los profesionales, lo que repercute en los servicios de salud brindados a los pacientes. La evaluación de los factores de riesgo de violencia y las razones que llevan a su subnotificación permite aclarar y alertar a los profesionales de la salud sobre la violencia contra ellos. El desarrollo e implementación de programas contra la violencia en el lugar de trabajo son algunas de las estrategias para reducir y eliminar la violencia. Este artículo tuvo como objetivo abordar el tema de la violencia contra los profesionales de la salud, especialmente los médicos de familia, al discutir la prevalencia de los episodios violentos, los diferentes tipos de violencia, los principales factores de riesgo, el impacto en la salud física y psicológica de los profesionales de la salud, el impacto en la prestación de atención y las estrategias de prevención y manejo.

A study on the relationship between occupational fitness, moral dilemma and resilience of nurses in emergency department / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the correlation between nurses′ workplace adaptability, moral dilemma and resilience after suffering workplace violence in emergency department, in order to provide reference about improving the workplace adaptability and formulating intervention.Methods:A cross-section survey was conducted, we selected 248 nurses who had suffered workplace violence in the emergency department of five tertiary hospitals in Qingdao from January 2022 to January 2023 by convenient sampling method, and used self-designed general information questionnaire, moral dilemma scale, resilience evaluation scale for medical staff and nurses′ workplace adaptability scale to conduct a questionnaire survey on nurses who had suffered workplace violence, and found out the factors affecting their workplace adaptability.Results:The score of workplace adaptability of 248 nurses who had suffered workplace violence was (39.37 ± 12.77) points. Univariate analysis showed that education, length of emergency service, department or social part-time job, professional title, number of night shifts and sleep condition were the influencing factors of workplace fitness for emergency nurses ( t/ F values were -12.72 to 132.15, all P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the nurses′ workplace adaptability after workplace violence was negatively correlated with the scores and total scores of all dimensions of moral dilemma ( r values were -0.725 to -0.194, P<0.05), and positively correlated with the scores and total scores of all dimensions of resilience ( r values were 0.135 to 0.732, P<0.05). Multi-factor results showed that education background, department/social part-time job, working years, professional title, sleep status, moral dilemma and resilience were the influencing factors of nurses′ workplace adaptability after workplace violence ( t values were -9.25 to 15.25, P<0.05). Conclusions:Nurses with specialized education, emergency service for 1-3 years, no department/social part-time job, primary professional title, sleep disorder, higher degree of moral dilemma and low level of resilience have low occupational adaptability. Nursing managers should focus on such nurses and improve their occupational adaptability.

Research progress on detection methods for aromatic amine compounds in workplace air / 中国职业医学

Aromatic amine compounds are diverse, widely used, and highly toxic. They mainly exist in aerosol and vapor in workplace air. Occupational poisoning incidents caused by aromatic amine compounds occur from time to time. In China, occupational exposure limits have been established for only 11 aromatic amine compounds, with supporting detection methods developed only for four compounds： aniline, N-methylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, and p-nitroaniline. Most of the highly toxic and hazardous aromatic amine compounds do not have specific limit. Currently, regular sampling mediums for detecting aromatic amine compounds in the workplace air are absorbing solution, filter membrane, silica gel, and poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) resin. Regular detection methods are gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, fluorescence detection, and chromatography-mass spectrometry. However, these methods are mostly designed for detecting individual compounds or their specific forms, and there is a need to develop a detection method that can detect aromatic amine compounds existing in aerosol and vapor form simultaneously using a novel composite sampling tube.

Determination of misoprostol in workplace air by high performance liquid chromatography / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To establish a high performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of misoprostol in workplace air. Methods: From February to August 2021, the misoprostol in the workplace air was collected by glass fiber filter membrane, and theeluent was separated by C18 liquid chromatography column, determined by UV detector, and quantified by external standard method. Results: The quantitative lower limit of misoprostol determination method was 0.05 μg/ml, and the lowest quantitative concentration was 1.4 μg/m(3) (calculated by collecting 75 L air sample). The concentration of misoprostol has a good linear relationship between 0.05 to 10.00 μg/ml. The relative coefficient was 0.9998. The regression equation of the standard working curve was y=495759x-45257. The range of average recovery rates were from 95.5% to 102.8%. The intra-assay precision of the method was 1.2%-4.6%, and the inter-assay precision was 2.0%-5.9%. The samples could be stored stably for 7 days at 4 ℃. Conclusion: The high performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of misoprostol has high sensitivity, good specificity and simple procedure of sample pretreatment. It is suitable for the detection of misoprostol in the workplace air.